Independent craft archive

Discover the art, craft & heritage of Persia

A museum-grade reference to Iranian handicrafts — from Khatamkari in Shiraz to Tabriz carpets — with regional traditions, techniques and illustrative object records.

Khatamkari inlay box, representative example from a craft shop
Featured object
Khatamkari inlay box
Representative shop photograph · not the sample object

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Craft traditions mapped to the provinces and cities that shaped them.

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Carpet shop in Isfahan, representative regional craft scene

Featured entry

Khatamkari

خاتم‌کاری

A Persian inlay art in which fine rods of wood, bone and metal are bundled into star units, sliced into thin sheets and applied to a wooden surface to form dense geometric tessellation.

Region
Isfahan, Shiraz
Period
Safavid – Contemporary
Khatamkari box showing the repeating inlay patternRead the full entry →

From the marketplace

Tabriz Medallion Carpet

Tabriz Medallion Carpet

قالی تبریز

Hand-knotted wool on a cotton foundation with a classical Shah Abbasi medallion, corner spandrels and an all-over vine field. Woven from a cartoon drawn in the workshop, at approximately 50 raj.

Craft
Tabriz carpet
Region
Tabriz
Artisan
A. Rostami
Material
Wool, cotton
Dimensions
200 × 300 cm
Date
2023
Price
€ 8,400
View object

Preservation

Crafts at risk

Traditions where the number of practitioners at the finest grades is declining.

Endangered

Khatamkariخاتم‌کاری

A Persian inlay art in which fine rods of wood, bone and metal are bundled into star units, sliced into thin sheets and applied to a wooden surface to form dense geometric tessellation.

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At risk

Termehترمه

A patterned Iranian brocade woven with supplementary wefts, historically in silk and wool, associated above all with Yazd and Kerman.

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At risk

Qalam-zaniقلم‌زنی

The Iranian tradition of decorating copper, brass and silver vessels with small chisels struck by hammer, working the metal into line, ground and relief.

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At risk

Jajimجاجیم

A narrow-strip flatwoven textile, usually made in warp-faced bands on a portable loom and then sewn together into a wider cloth, traditionally used as bedding cover, floor spread or door hanging by village and pastoral households.

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At risk

Qalamkar block printingقلمکار

A resist-dyed and block-printed cotton textile, historically associated with Isfahan, in which carved wooden blocks stamp repeating floral and figural patterns onto cloth in successive colour stages.

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At risk

Pateh embroidery (Kerman)پته

A hand-embroidered wool textile from Kerman in which coloured silk or wool threads are worked in dense chain and satin stitching over a woollen ground, typically in a limited palette against a natural or dyed field.

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At risk

Sermeh-duziسرمه‌دوزی

A metal-thread embroidery technique in which fine gold or silver wire, or wire-wrapped thread, is couched onto velvet or other heavy cloth to create raised, reflective patterns, historically used on ceremonial garments and furnishings.

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At risk

Namad feltنمد

A non-woven wool textile made by matting and pressing raw wool fibres with moisture, heat and friction rather than by weaving, traditionally produced across Iran for floor coverings, cloaks and protective mats.

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Endangered

Zilu (Meybod)زیلو

A pileless, reversible cotton floor covering associated especially with Meybod near Yazd, woven on a vertical loom with ground heddles and pattern harnesses that control its geometric, often two-colour design.

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At risk

Filigree (Malileh)ملیله‌کاری

A metalworking technique in which fine drawn wires of silver or gold, often twisted or beaded, are soldered into openwork lattices and coiled floral forms to build jewellery, vessels and decorative panels.

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At risk

Mina'i wareسفال مینایی

A historic overglaze-enamelled stonepaste ware produced mainly in Iran during the twelfth and early thirteenth centuries, decorated with figural and courtly scenes painted in multiple colours applied after glazing and fixed by a low second firing.

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At risk

Gereh-chini latticeگره‌چینی

A joinery technique for building geometric lattice screens and panels from small, precisely cut wooden pieces assembled without glue or nails, using interlocking notched joints to form windows, doors and room dividers with openwork star and polygon patterns.

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At risk

Wood carving (Monabbat)منبت‌کاری

A relief wood-carving technique in which solid panels, furniture and architectural elements are carved directly with chisels to produce raised or recessed floral, arabesque and geometric ornament, distinct from inlay techniques that build a surface from separate pieces.

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At risk

Persian lacquer paintingلاکی‌کاری

A decorative technique in which papier-mâché or wooden objects, such as boxes, mirror cases and pen boxes, are painted with fine miniature-style scenes or floral ornament and then sealed under multiple coats of clear lacquer varnish.

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At risk

Turquoise inlay (Firuzeh-kubi)فیروزه‌کوبی

A decorative technique, associated particularly with Mashhad, in which small chips of turquoise are set edge to edge with adhesive onto a metal object's surface to create a dense mosaic-like covering, most often seen on vessels, jewellery and decorative plates.

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Endangered

Velvet weaving (Makhmal-bafi)مخمل‌بافی

A silk weaving technique producing a cut or voided pile on a foundation weave, used in Iran for garments, cushion covers and furnishing panels, with figured Safavid velvets among the most studied survivals.

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Endangered

Brocade weaving (Zari-bafi)زری‌بافی

A figured silk weaving technique in which supplementary wefts, often including gold- or silver-wrapped thread, create pictorial or floral designs on a silk ground.

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At risk

Rasht embroidery (Rasht-duzi)رشتی‌دوزی

A northern Iranian needlework tradition associated with Rasht in Gilan, combining wool felt or broadcloth appliqué with chain-stitch embroidery for covers, hangings and saddle cloths.

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At risk

Needlework embroidery (Suzan-duzi)سوزن‌دوزی

A broad term for Iranian needle embroidery on cotton, silk or wool grounds, including counted, darned and satin-stitch work used on covers, garments and prayer cloths.

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At risk

Inlaid metalworkفلزکاری ترصیع‌شده

Decoration of brass, bronze or steel vessels by setting silver, copper or gold into cut recesses, producing figurative scenes, inscriptions and ornament in contrasting colour.

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Endangered

Steel openwork (Fulad-kari)فولادکاری

The chiselling and piercing of steel into plaques, standards (alam), locks and fittings, often with inscriptions or arabesque openwork.

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At risk

Glassmakingشیشه‌گری

Iranian glass includes Sasanian cut glass, early Islamic mould-blown and cut vessels, and later blown bottles and rosewater sprinklers, with a small studio glassblowing tradition today.

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Endangered

Lustreware (Zarrin-fam)زرین‌فام

A ceramic decoration in which metallic oxides are painted onto a glazed surface and fired in a reducing kiln to produce a metallic sheen, associated especially with Kashan.

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Endangered

Bone and ivory carvingاستخوان‌تراشی

The carving of bone and, historically, ivory into figurines, plaques, combs and inlay elements, also used as a component in khatam.

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At risk

Mat and basket weaving (Hasir-bafi)حصیربافی

The weaving of mats, baskets, fans and containers from date-palm leaves, reeds and rushes, practised especially in southern and northern Iran.

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Endangered

Traditional bookbinding (Sahhafi)صحافی سنتی

The hand binding of manuscripts and books with leather or lacquer covers, often with a flap (lisan) and stamped, cut or gilded decoration.

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Endangered

Puppetry (Kheimeh-shab-bazi)خیمه‌شب‌بازی

Traditional Iranian string-puppet theatre, and the craft of making its carved and costumed puppets, including the well-known character Mobarak.

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